MAKAUT Previous Year Questions & Answers in Epidemiological Transitions in Healthcare

Epidemiological Transitions in Healthcare (5th Sem) Previous year question with answer (2012-2013)

Epidemiological Transitions in Healthcare (5th Sem)
Year 2012-2013

Group – A

(Multiple Choice Type Questions)

1. Choose the correct alternative for the following. (10×1=10)

i) Epidemiology can be defined as the study of

a) the etiology of disease in human

b) the frequency of causes of death in human
c) the determinants of frequency of disease in human
d) the distributions and disease frequency in human.
Ans. c) the determinants of frequency of disease in human

ii) The relation between prevalence (P) and incidence (I) is
a) P = ID
b) D = I×P
c) P = I×D
d) none of these.
Ans. c) P = I×D

iii) The name of microfilarial agent that causes Filaria is
a) Wuchereria bancrofti
b) Plasmodium vivax
c) Thermoactinomycetes sachhari
d) Micropolysporo faeni.
Ans. a) Wuchereria bancrofti

iv) A method for identifying the missing cases is known as
a) activate surveillance
b) passive surveillance
c) sentinel surveillance
d) none of these.
Ans. d) none of these. A method for identifying the missing cases is known as screening.

v) The most important of the five classes of immunoglobulin is
a) IgM
b) IgG
c) IgD
d) IgA.
Ans. b) IgG

vi) The time interval between invasion of an infectious agent and appearance of first sign of disease is called
a) Latent period
b) Communicable period
c) Incubation peroid
d) none of these.
Ans. c) Incubation peroid

vii) The occurrence of a group of illness of similar nature at a rate above the expected number it called
a) Epidemic
b) Endemic
c) Pandemic
d) Hyperendemic.
Ans. a) Epidemic

viii) Which of the following disease do not spread by droplet infection?
a) Cholera
b) Common cold
c) Diphtheria
d) Whooping cough.
Ans. a) Cholera

ix) Quarantine is
a) limitation of movement of sick person and animals
b) limitation of movement of well known persons and animals
c) limitation of movement of disease persons
d) none of these.
Ans. c) limitation of movement of disease persons

x) Infant is
a) less than one year of age
b) less than two years of age
c) less than three years of age
d) none of these.
Ans. a) less than one year of age

Group B

(Short Answers Type Questions)

Write short notes on three of the following. (3×5=15)

2. Surveillance.
3. Epidemiological Triad.
4. Cohort study
5. Combined vaccine.
6. Disease spectrum.

Group C

(Long Answers Type Questions)

Answer any three of the following. (3×15=45)

7. Which is the causative agent of Tetanus? Describe the sign and symptoms of tetanus. What are the prevention and control measures for tetanus?
8. What is Rheumatic heart disease? State the epidemiological factors. What are the measures of prevention you can take?
9. Define cold life and discuss any five types of cold chain equipment which are used today.
10. Describe natural history of disease.
11. Describe modes of intervention of disease.

Epidemiological Transitions in Healthcare (5th Sem) Previous year question with answer (2013-2014)

Epidemiological Transitions in Healthcare (5th Sem)

Year 2013-2014

Group – A

(Multiple Choice Type Questions)

1. Choose the correct alternative for the following. (10×1=10)

i) The disease that has been eradicated till date is
a) Chickenpox
b) Polio myelitis
c) Smallpox
d) Measles.
Ans. c) Smallpox

ii) The web of causation of disease was postulated by
a) Pattenkofer Munich
b) MacMahon and Pugh
c) Louis Pasteur
d) Sir Edward Jenner.
Ans. b) MacMahon and Pugh

iii) BCG is a
a) Live viral vaccine
b) Dead viral vaccine
c) Live attenuated bacterial vaccine
d) Dead bacterial vaccine.
Ans. c) Live attenuated bacterial vaccine

iv) Prevalence means
a) New cases
b) Old cases
c) Existing cases
d) none of these.
Ans. c) Existing cases

v) In pre-pathogenesis phase, we find
a) the disease agent has not yet entered the body of the host
b) the disease has entered the body of the host
c) both (a) and (b)
d) none of these.
Ans. a) the disease agent has not yet entered the body of the host

vi) The most sensitive vaccine among the following is
a) BCG
b) Tetanus toxoid
c) Live oral Polio vaccine
d) DPT.
Ans. c) Live oral Polio vaccine

vii) Infectivity of biological agent means its
a) ability to invade or enter a host
b) ability of the host to stimulate the host to produce antibodies
c) ability to cause disease
d) ability to damage the tissue cells of the host and even cause death.
Ans. c) ability to cause disease

viii) Influenza is a zoonotic disease that can be conveyed to may be
a) pigeon
b) Pigs
c) Snails
d) All of these.
Ans. b) Pigs

ix) A contagious disease is one that is transmitted through
a) Clothes
b) Surgical instruments
c) Contact
d) Fomites
Ans. c) Contact

x) Rehabilitation refers to
a) restoration of capacity to earn a livelihood
b) restoration of social relationship
c) restoration of function
d) all of these.
Ans. d) all of these.

Group B

(Short Answers Type Questions)

Write short notes on three of the following. (3×5=15)

2. Hard immunity of a communicable disease.
3. Level of prevention.
4. Iceberg of disease.
5. Incidence and prevalence.
6. Cold chain.

Group C
(Long Answers Type Questions)

Answer any three of the following. (3×15=45)

7. Write down the environment risk factor of Diabetes. What are the different types of Diabetes? Give the prevention and care of Diabetes? (5+4+6)
8. What do you mean by Lymphatic filariasis? Describe the natural history, risk factor and control of filariasis.
9. What is “cohort” ? Discuss the steps of cohort study? Gives differences between prospective and retrospective cohort study? (3+5+7)
10. Explain the term “NHD” ? How does the germ theory of disease differ from the theory of multifactorial causation of disease? (10+5)
11. Distinguish between the term “epidemic” and “pandemic”. Discuss the steps involved the investigation of water borne epidemic.

Epidemiological Transitions in Healthcare (5th Sem) Previous year question with answer (2014)

Epidemiological Transitions in Healthcare (5th Sem)
Year 2014

Group – A

(Multiple Choice Type Questions)

1. Choose the correct alternative for the following. (10×1=10)

i) The disease that has been eradicated till date-
a) Chicken Pox
b) Polio
c) Smallpox
d) Dengue
Ans. c) Smallpox

ii) Dynamics of disease transmission is applicable for
a) Communicable Diseases
b) Non-communicable Diseases
c) Both a & b
d) None of these
Ans. a) Communicable Diseases

iii) lactrogenic Diseases is-
a) Disease in animal Kingdom
b) Physician induced disease
c) Disease because of Lactogen
d) Disease in arthropods
Ans. b) Physician induced disease

iv) Example of Live vaccine-
a) Vaccine for BCG
b) Vaccine for Hepatitis B
c) Vaccine for Hepatitis A
d) Both (b) & (c)
Ans. a) Vaccine for BCG

v) Which disease also called “Slim Disease”?
a) Hepatitis B
b) AIDS
c) Plague
d) Filaria
Ans. b) AIDS

vi) Case control study is a
a) Prospective study
b) Experimental study
c) Retrospective study
d) Confirmatory study
Ans. a) Prospective study

vii) Nature of case distribution for polio disease is-
a) Sporadic
b) Hyper endemic
c) Holo endemic
d) Epidemic
Ans. a) Sporadic

viii) Quarantine is-
a) Limitation of movement of well persons
b) Limitation of movement for persons suffering from communicable disease
c) Both (a) & (c)
d) None of these
Ans. b) Limitation of movement for persons suffering from communicable disease

ix) Infant is-
a) Below 3 years of age
b) Below 1 years of age
c) Below 5 years of age
d) Below 28 days of age
Ans. b) Below 1 years of age

x) Staphylococcus aureus causes
a) Thyroid
b) Jaundice
c) Plague
d) Food poisoning
Ans. d) Food poisoning

Group B

(Short Answers Type Questions)

Write short notes on three of the following. (3×5=15)

2. What are the difference between prospective cohort and retrospective cohort?
3. Write a brief note on cold chain equipments?
4. What health advice will you give to travelers?
5. What are the difference between clinical medicine and epidemiology?
6. What is Gestational diabetes?

Group C

(Long Answers Type Questions)

Answer any three of the following. (3×15=45)

7. Define “Cold life”. Discuss any five types of cold chain equipment which are used today.
8. What is Rheumatic heart disease? State the epidemiological factor. What are the measures of prevention you can take?
9. Right about the investigation of an epidemic.
10. What are the types of diabetes mellitus? What are the salient features of diabetes? State measures of control?
11. Describe the different types of Epidemiology. State the users of Epidemiology.

Epidemiological Transitions in Healthcare (5th Sem) Previous year question with answer (2014-2015)

Epidemiological Transitions in Healthcare (5th Sem)

Year 2014-2015

Group – A

(Multiple Choice Type Questions)

1. Choose the correct alternative for the following. (10×1=10)

i) Who is considered as the father of epidemiology?
a)Louis Pasteur
b) John M. Last
c) Dr. Lawrence
d) None of these
Ans. d) None of these

ii) Which of the following is not component of epidemiological triad?
a) Cohort
b) Environment
c) Host
d) Disease causing agent
Ans. a) Cohort

iii) A group of person sharing a same trait is termed as
a) Cohort
b) Case
c) Control
d) None of these
Ans. a) Cohort

iv) Which of the following is a measurement of morbidity?
a) Case
b) Incidence
c) Rehabilitation
d) None of these
Ans. b) Incidence

v) Which of the following is not communicable disease?
a) Polio
b) Filariasis
c) Stroke
d) None of these
Ans. c) Stroke

vi) Which one of the following is not live vaccine?
a) BCG
b) Diphtheria
c) Chicken Pox
d) Measles
Ans. b) Diphtheria

vii) Cohort study is an example of
a) Ecological studies
b) Descriptive studies
c) Analytical studies
d) Clinical trial studies
Ans. c) Analytical studies

viii) The occurrence of a group of illness of similar nature at a rate above the expected number is called
a) Epidemic
b) Endemic
c) Pandemic
d) Hyperendemic
Ans. a) Epidemic

ix) Health promotion is under
a) Primary prevention
b) Tertiary prevention
c) Secondary prevention
d) Primordial prevention
Ans. a) Primary prevention

x) Continuous scrutiny of any event is known as
a) Monitoring
b) Observation
c) Surveillance
d) Diagnosis
Ans. c) Surveillance

Group B

(Short Answers Type Questions)

Write short notes on three of the following. (3×5=15)

2. Write a short note on incidence and prevalence.
3. Describe iceberg phenomenon of disease.
4. Briefly describe disease cycle.
5. Write short notes on PQLI & HDI.
6. Write short note on Rehabilitation.

Group C
(Long Answers Type Questions)

Answer any three of the following. (3×15=45)

7. Discuss the steps of investigation of an epidemic disease.
8. Describe different types of reservoirs. What are the hazards of immunization? Describe cold chain method. (5+5+5)
9. Describe the cohort study- meanings and types, indications, framework, elements (steps) and analysis. (2+2+3+5+3)
10. What are the different mortality rates and ratios? What are the different determinants of health? (7+8)
11. What is a rheumatic heart disease? State the epidemiological factors. What are the measures of prevention you can take? (4+5+6)

Epidemiological Transitions in Healthcare (5th Sem) Previous year question with answer (2015-2016)

Epidemiological Transitions in Healthcare (5th Sem)
Year 2015-2016

Group – A

(Multiple Choice Type Questions)

1. Choose the correct alternative for the following. (10×1=10)

i) Cohort study is an example of
a) Ecological studies
b) Descriptive studies
c) Analytical studies
d) Clinical trial studies.
Ans. c) Analytical studies

ii) Relative risk is ratio between
a) Incidence of disease among exposed and non-exposed
b) Incidence of disease among exposed minus incidence of disease rate among non-exposed and incidence rate among exposed
c) none of these.
Ans. a) Incidence of disease among exposed and non-exposed

iii) Enzootic is an
a) Epidemic occurring in animals
b) Epidemic occurring in man
c) Epidemic occurring in animals and men
d) None of these.
Ans. a) Epidemic occurring in animals

iv) Following are the examples of live vaccines expect
a) BCG
b) cholera
c) Measles
d) Influenza.
Ans. b) cholera

v) Following are the cold chain system equipment expect
a) WIC
b) Deep freezers
c) Day carriers
d) Diathermy.
Ans. d) Diathermy

vi) A method for identifying the missing cases is known as a
a) Active surveillance
b) Passive surveillance
c) Sentinel surveillance
d) None of these.
Ans. d) None of these

vii) The relation between prevalence (P) and incidence (I) is
a) P = I/D
b) D = I*P
c) P = I*D
d) None of these.
Ans. c) P = I*D

viii) Health promotion is under
a) Primary prevention
b) Tertiary prevention
c) Secondary prevention
d) Primordial prevention.
Ans. a) Primary prevention

ix) The vaccine of tetanus is
a) Live vaccine
b) Killed vaccine
c) Toxoid
d) Antisera.
Ans. c) Toxoid.

x) The major immunoglobulin of serum is
a) IgA
b) IgG
c) IgE
d) IgD.
Ans. b) IgG

Group B

(Short Answers Type Questions)

Write short notes on three of the following. (3×5=15)

2. Describe the epidemiological factors of Alcoholism.
3. Describe the mode of indirect transmission of disease.
4. Describe iceberg phenomenon of diseases.
5. Write short notes on PQLI and HDI.
6. Write about Combined vaccine.

Group C

(Long Answers Type Questions)

Answer any three of the following. (3×15=45)

7. Define cold life. Describe any five types of cold chain equipment which are used today.
8. What are the different steps of investigating an epidemic? Discuss Universal Immunization programme. (10+5)
9. What are the different mortality rates and ratio? What are different determinants of health? (7+8)
10. The causative agent of Tetanus? Described the signs and symptoms of tetanus. What are the preventive and control measures for tetanus? (2+6+7)
11. Describe natural history of disease.

Epidemiological Transitions in Healthcare (5th Sem) Previous year question with answer (2016-2017)

Epidemiological Transitions in Healthcare (5th Sem)

Year 2016-2017

Group – A
(Multiple Choice Type Questions)

1. Choose the correct alternative for the following. (10×1=10)

i) Which of the following diseases do not spread by droplet infection?
a) Cholera
b) Common cold
c) Diphtheria
d) Whooping cough.
Ans. a) Cholera

ii) In pre-pathogenesis phase, we find
a) the disease agent has not yet entered the body of the host
b) the disease has entered the body of the host
c) both (a) and (b)
d) none of these
Ans. a) the disease agent has not yet entered the body of the host

iii) Who is considered as father of Epidemiology?
a) V. Galen
b) S. Celsius
c) Pasteur
d) Francastorius.
Ans. This questions are wrong questions. John snow is considered as father of epidemiology.

iv) All are true about cohort study, expert
a) inexpensive and quick
b) prospective study
c) yields incidence rates
d) reserved for formulated hypothesis.
Ans. d) reserved for formulated hypothesis.

v) Cohort study is an example of
a) Ecological studies
b) Descriptive studies
c) Analytical studies
d) Clinical trial studies.
Ans. c) Analytical studies

vi) Relative risks is the ratio between
a) incidence of disease among exposed and non-exposed
b) incidence of disease among exposed minus non-exposed
c) incidence of disease rate among non-exposed and exposed
d) none of these.
Ans. a) incidence of disease among exposed and non-exposed

vii) Enzootic is an
a) Epidemic occurring in animals
b) Epidemic occurring in man
c) Epidemic occurring in animals and men
d) none of these.
Ans. a) Epidemic occurring in animals

viii) Disease occurrence which can be decreased by intervention strategy is termed as
a) attributable risk
b) relative risk
c) population attributable risk
d) odds ratio.
Ans. c) population attributable risk

ix) Morbidity is best determined by
a) monitoring
b) active surveillance
c) passive surveillance
d) sentinel surveillance.
Ans. c) passive surveillance

x) Epidemiology can be defined as the study of
a) the etiology of disease in human
b) the frequency of causes of death in human
c) the determinants of frequency of disease in human
d) the distribution and disease frequency in human
Ans. c) the determinants of frequency of disease in human

Group B

(Short Answers Type Questions)

Write short notes on three of the following. (3×5=15)

2. Hard Immunity
3. Iceberg of Disease
4. Level of prevention
5. Pathogenesis phase
6. Relation between Incidence and Prevalence.

Group C

(Long Answers Type Questions)

Answer any three of the following. (3×15=45)

7. Write down the environmental risk factor of Diabetes. What are the different types of diabetes? Give the prevention and care of Diabetes. (5+4+6)
8. What do you mean by Lymphatic filariasis? Described the natural history, risk factors & control of filariasis. (Out of Syllabus)
9. What is a “cohort”? Discuss this step of cohort study. Give the difference between prospective and retrospective cohort study. (3+5+7)
10. Explain the term of “NHD” ? How does the germ theory of disease differ from the theory of multifactorial causation of disease? (10+5)
11. Distinguish between the term “epidemic” and “pandemic”. Discuss this step involved in the investigation of water borne epidemic.

Epidemiological Transitions in Healthcare (5th Sem) Previous year question with answer (2017-2018)

Epidemiological Transitions in Healthcare (5th Sem)

Year 2017-2018

Group – A

(Multiple Choice Type Questions)

1. Choose the correct alternative for the following. (10×1=10)

i) The epidemiological triad consist of all except
a) Agent
b) Host
c) Environment
d) Endemic disease
Ans. d) Endemic disease

ii) All are true about cohort study except
a) inexpensive and quick
b) prospective study
c) yields incidence rates
d) reserved for formulated hypothesis
Ans. d) reserved for formulated hypothesis

iii) The incubation period of influenza is
a) 18 to 72 hours
b) 28 to 72 hours
c) 18 to 24 hours
d) 24 to 72 hours
Ans. a) 18 to 72 hours

iv) BCG is a
a) live viral vaccine
b) dead viral vaccine
c) live attenuated bacterial vaccine
d) dead bacterial vaccine
Ans. c) live attenuated bacterial vaccine

v) Prevalence means
a) new cases
b) old cases
c) existing cases
d) none of these
Ans. c) existing cases

vi) The relation between prevalence (P) and incidence (I) is
a) P = ID
b) D = IP
c) P = I/D
d) None of these
Ans. a) P = ID

vii) The name of the microfilarial agent that causes Filaria is
a) Wuchereria bancrofti
b) Plasmodium vivax
c) Thermoactinomycetes sachhari
d) Micropolysporo faeni
Ans. a) Wuchereria bancrofti

viii) Epidemiology can be defined as the study of
a) the aetiology of disease in human
b) the frequency of causes of death in human
c) the determinants of frequency of disease in human
d) the distribution of disease frequency in human
Ans. c) the determinants of frequency of disease in human

ix) A method for identifying the missing cases is known as
a) active surveillance
b) passive surveillance
c) sentinel surveillance
d) none of these
Ans. d) none of these

x) Primordial prevention means
a) prevention taken before biological onset of the disease
b) prevention of development of risk factors
c) desired action taken after disease detection
d) immunization
Ans. d) immunization

Group B

(Short Answers Type Questions)

Write short notes on three of the following. (3×5=15)

2. Immunization Hazards
3. Morbidity
4. Passive immunity
5. Rehabilitation
6. Surveillance

Group C

(Long Answers Type Questions)

Answer any three of the following. (3×15=45)

7. Describe the various types of steps involved in investigation of an epidemic.
8. Write down the signs and symptoms of food poisoning. What are the different types of food poisoning? Give the prevention and control measure of food poisoning.
9. Define “Cold Life”. Define and classify vaccines. Discuss about the prevention of infectious diseases.
10. What is RHD? State the epidemiological factors of RHD. Discuss about prevention and control of RHD.
11. Describe modes of intervention of diseases.

Epidemiological Transitions in Healthcare (5th Sem) Previous year question with answer (2023)

Epidemiological Transitions in Healthcare (5th Sem)

Year 2023

Group-A

(Very Short Answer Type Question)

1. Answer any ten of the following: (10×1=10)

i) The period preliminary to the onset of disease in man is referred as ______?
Ans.
ii) State true or false: Incidence rate is defined as "the number of OLD cases occurring in a defined population during a specified period of time".
Ans.
iii) The ________ of infection is defined as "the person, animal, object or substance from which an infectious agent passes or is disseminated to the host".
Ans.
iv) The incubation period for COVID-19 is ________.
Ans.
v) State true or false: Screening is testing for infection or disease in population or in individuals who are not seeking health care.
Ans.
vi) The phase which begins with the entry of disease agent in susceptible human host is known as ___?
Ans.
vii) The incubation period for influenza is _______?
Ans.
viii) Control of tobacco and alcohol consumption is a part of primary prevention for which disease?
Ans.
ix) State true or false: The floating tip of the iceberg represents what the physician doesn't see in the community.
Ans.
x) ________ refers to the cases which occur irregularly, haphazardly from time to time and generally infrequently.
Ans.
xi) When a patient reports late in the pathogenesis phase, the mode of intervention is ____?
Ans.
xii) What are the 2 ultimate aim of epidemiology which leads to an effective action?
Ans.

Group B

(Short Answer Type Question)

Answer any three of the following: (3×5=15)

2. Write short note on Endemic.
3. Write short note on Active Immunity.
4. Write short note on Epidemiological Triad.
5. Write short note on Sporadic.
6. Write short note on Epidermic.

Group C

(Long Answer Type Question)

Answer any three of the following: (3×15=45)

7. Write down the advantages and disadvantages of case control study. (15)
8. (a) Define cold life. (5)
(b) Discuss any 5 types of cold chain equipment's which are used today. (10)
9. (a) What are the different Mortality Rates and Ratios? (5)
(b) What are the different determinants of health? (10)
10. (a) What is source and reservoirs? (5)
(b) Discuss different types of reservoir. (10)
11. (a) What is active and passive immunity? (5)
(b) Discuss different types of immunizing agents. (10)

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MAKAUT Previous Year Questions & Answers in Epidemiological Transitions in Healthcare